Burning Arduino Bootloader in Atmega8 using Arduino Uno

When we start using Arduino in microcontrollers one major disadvantage we face is non availability of arduino compatible ic's and boards. Though we can order boards online finding ic's with arduino bootloader is really difficult. So we start burning bootloader in easily available ic's which is not as easy as it seems. I tried many tutorials online but succeeded  with none. So after experimenting many times with different tutorials I finally succeeded. Here are the steps to burn Arduino bootloader in most easily available Atmega8.

For this you require

1. Atmega8
2. Arduino Uno with its usb cable
3. Breadboard
4. A pc
5. Arduino IDE
6. one 16 MHz Clock crystal
7. Two 22pf or 33pf capacitors
8. Some connecting Wire

Now we go for procedure.

Step 1

• Download and install Arduino IDE in your pc. You can download it here.

• Download these files from here and extract it to C:\Program Files\Arduino\hardware.

Step 2

• Attach your Arduino uno board to to pc via usb.
• Open Arduino IDE.
• Go to   Files\Examples\ArduinoISP
• Upload it to Uno board

Step 3 

• Attach Atmega8 to bradboard and make connections as shown in fig. 

Step 4

• Attach connected system with Arduino board to pc via usb
• Go to c:\program files\arduino\hardware and cut arduino folder from it and paste it on desktop.
• Now reopen Arduino IDE 
• Under Tools menu select Board as Arduino Ng or older with Atmega8
• Select Programmer as Arduino as ISp
• Select appropriate COM port ( You can get it by reight cliking on Computer icon and openning device manager, then  ports and then finding Arduino uno in it)
• Press burn bootloader.

 Step 5

• Take out the breadboard connections, replace Atmega328 on uno board with just bootloaded Atmega8.
•  Reconnect uno board to pc
• Move the previously moved arduino folder on desktop back to c:\program files\arduino\hardware and delete  arduino-extras folder from it.
• Restart Arduino IDE
• Under Tools select board as Adruino NG or older with atmega8 and programmer as USBASP
• Select Appropriate com port and you are ready to burn any program to atmega8